6 Form PACE WORK 27/05/20

6 Form PACE WORK 27/05/20

Тема: Подолання сили тяжіння.

Read the words and find suitable definition for them:

1. wing

2. engine

3. thrust

4. propeller

5. natural

6. lift

 a) To direct or carry from a lower to a higher position; raise

b) existing in nature and not made or caused by people : coming from nature

c) a device having blades radiating from a central hub that is rotated to produce thrust to propel

d) To push or drive quickly and forcibly. See Synonyms at push.

e) A machine that converts energy into mechanical force or motion.

f) a part of an animal's body that is used for flying or gliding

Let’s prove your understanding of the words. Read the following sentences and fill in the gaps with one of the words (1-6):

1. Birds fly by the help of ……….

2. Our car I dead, the ……… doesn’t work.

3. ………gives good ……..to a plane.

4. Gravity is a ……….. law.

5. The helicopter ……….. the entire team to the meet.

c) Try to make your own sentences using these words.

4.2. Reading the text  “Wright brothers”

How can birds fly?

Why do birds need wings?

What do you know about Wright brothers?

What did they invent?

The Wrights had made kites, very large ones, in fact. By 1900, they were making ones so large that people could fly in them, sort of. These were called gliders, and Orville and Wilbur actually built one or two that were large enough for a person to ride in. They flew on nothing but air current, and the person could get a ride of about 10 seconds before the glider came down to the ground.

On December 17, 1903, Orville Wright piloted the first powered airplane 20 feet above a wind-swept beach in North Carolina. The flight lasted 12 seconds and covered 120 feet. Three more flights were made that day with

Wilbur flies a glider in earlier tests

Orville's brother Wilbur piloting the record flight lasting 59 seconds over a distance of 852 feet.

 The brothers began their experimentation in flight in 1896 at their bicycle shop in Dayton, Ohio. They selected the beach at Kitty Hawk as their proving ground because of the constant wind that added lift to their craft. In 1902 they came to the beach with their glider and made more than 700 successful flights.

 Having perfected glided flight, the next step was to move to powered flight. No automobile manufacturer could supply an engine both light enough and powerful enough for their needs. So they designed and built their own. All of their hard work, experimentation and innovation came together that December day as they took to the sky and forever changed the course of history. The brothers notified several newspapers prior to their historic flight, but only one - the local journal - made mention of the event.

  

T: Which Wright brother was the oldest child in the family?

S: Seven children were born to Milton and Susan Wright. Wilbur and Orville were third and fourth in birth order. Milton was a bishop in the Church of the United Brethren, and the family moved with the job from time to time.

T: Which incident in the Wright Brothers' childhood sparked their interest in flying?

S: Their father gave them a toy helicopter.. Bishop Wright brought the boys a souvenir toy helicopter on one of his trips. It wasn't very sturdy. Made of bamboo, paper, cork, and a rubber band, sources say the boys played with it until it broke, and then they made their own!

T: Both Wilbur and Orville Wright attended which college?

S: None of these. Wilbur had plans to attend Yale. However, an injury and his mother's illness kept him at home. Orville dropped out of high school to help his brother start a new business.

T: What was the first business owned and run by the Wright Brothers?

S: Printing Shop. The brothers opened a printing business in 1889 after building their own press. One source states that it was made out of a damaged tombstone and old buggy parts. Their first paper was called "The West Side News." Orville was the publisher, and Wilbur was the editor. Eventually the brothers moved on to commercial printing.

T: The Wright Brothers designed and built their own bicycle line. Which of the following bicycles did they manufacture?

S: Van Cleve. In 1892 they opened their own repair and sales shop, called the "Wright Cycle Exchange," and by 1896 they began manufacturing their own brand. The "Van Cleve" model sold for $64, and the "St. Claire" sold for $42.50. It is estimated that Wilbur and Orville manufactured about 300 bicycles during this time, and earned between $2,000 and $3,000 a year. Today only five of their bicycles are known to exist.

T: In what city was the famous Wright Brothers' bicycle shop, later known as the Wright Cycle Company, based?

S: Dayton, Ohio. As the boys were growing up, the family moved from time to time due to their father's work. Wilbur was born in Indiana; Orville was born in Ohio. The family moved to Iowa when Milton became a bishop, but subsequently moved back to Dayton. This is where their aviation experiments began, but, of course, Kitty Hawk is the place of their first flight.

The work done at the Wright Brothers' bicycle shop led them to an aviation breakthrough.

T: Orville and Wilbur Wright's family supported their work in aviation, however, their father had a rule he expected them to follow. What was it?

S: They could not test fly together.. Because of the high mortality rate among early aviators, the brothers promised their father they would not fly together, but in 1910 they asked their father's permission to do so, and he allowed it. Then Orville took Milton, 82 years old, on a seven-minute flight. Reportedly, the plane rose to about 350 feet, and Milton called, "Higher, Orville, higher!"

T: The Wright Company transported the first known commercial air cargo on November 7, 1910. What was the cargo?

S: Dress Silk. The plane flew from Dayton to Columbus, Ohio, in one hour and six minutes. Morehouse-Martens Department Store paid $5,000 for the service. They cut the silk in small pieces and sold them as souvenirs.

Neither Orville nor Wilbur Wright ever married.