26.03.20

PACE WORK 6 D FORM 

In this lesson, we will try to review what you know about people body and will speak about the process of circulation. 

Teacher: What parts of the body have we already discussed? What are their functions? What are their tasks? 

Students brainstorm their ideas. 

Pre-reading activities  

Teacher: What do you know about blood circulation?  

Students brainstorm their ideas. 

Teacher: Let’s read the text to find out if you were right.  

While-reading activities 

Teacher: Read the text again and choose the right answer.  

1. What is the circulatory system?  a. The body's breathing system  b. The body's system of nerves  c. The body's food-processing system  d. The body's blood-transporting system	2. From what source do cells get their food?  a. Blood  b. Oxygen  c. Other cells  d. Carbon dioxide
3. Why is oxygen important to blood and to the cells?  a. Oxygen helps the blood to clot.  b. Oxygen brings food to the cells.  c. Oxygen is necessary for cell growth and energy.  d. Oxygen is not important -- carbon dioxide is the most important substance to the body.	4. Why is blood that flows from the lungs to the heart bright red rather than dark red?  a. Oxygen makes it red.  b. Carbon dioxide makes it red.  c. Gastric juices produce the red color of the blood.  d. The lungs add a pigment (dye) to blood as it flows through them.
5. Which type of blood vessels carries blood away from the heart?  a. Veins  b. Arteries  c. Capillaries  d. Arteries, veins and capillaries	6. What is the function of the blood vessels and capillaries?  a. They pump blood to the heart.  b. They filter impurities from the blood.  c. They carry blood to all parts of the body.  d. They carry messages from the brain to the muscles.

Post-reading activities 

Teacher: write out the words used to describe the process of circulation and define them. 

Students do the task. 

What new information did you get at today’s lesson? 

Домашнє завдання. (Learn the words) 

Circulatory system 

The circulatory system is the body system that brings blood to the body. The heart and all blood vessels make up the circulatory system. 

Blood vessels that take blood away from the heart are arteries. Arteries get smaller as they go away from the heart.  

Blood vessels that take blood towards the heart are veins. Veins get bigger as they go toward the heart.  

Capillaries go between arteries and veins. 

So blood moves: heart>artery>capillary>vein>heart. This is called circulation. There are two different circulations in the circulatory system. The systemic circulation is how blood goes to most of the body. The pulmonary circulation is how blood goes through the lungs. (Pulmonary means about the lungs.) 

Systemic circulation 

Blood that comes from the left side of the heart is full of oxygen and nutrients. Nutrients are substances that your body needs to live, like protein, fat, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals. This blood brings the oxygen and nutrients to your body. 

This blood in systemic arteries that is full of oxygen and nutrients is systemic arterial blood. It is sometimes just called arterial blood. 

The biggest systemic artery in the body is the aorta. This is the large blood vessel that comes out of the heart. Smaller arteries branch off from the aorta. These arteries have smaller arteries that branch off from them. The smallest arteries turn into arterioles. 

The smallest blood vessels are capillaries. Systemic arteries turn into capillaries. The blood from arteries goes into the capillaries. There oxygen and nutrients go out of the blood into the tissue around the capillaries. The blood also picks up carbon dioxide and waste from the tissue. The network of capillaries that brings blood to an area is called a capillary bed. 

On the other end of the capillary, it turns into a vein. Veins take blood back to the heart. As veins go back to the heart, they get bigger. The biggest systemic veins in the body are the vena cava. There are two vena cava. The inferior vena cava takes blood from the lower part of the body to the right side of the heart. (In medicine, inferior means below.) The superior vena cava takes blood from the upper part of the body to the heart. (In medicine, superior means above.) 

Pulmonary circulation 

This same movement of blood happens in the pulmonary circulation. 

The blood that the vena cava takes to the heart is full of carbon dioxide. It has much less oxygen than (systemic) arterial blood. The right side of the heart pushes the venous blood into the pulmonary artery. The pulmonary artery takes blood to the lungs. In the lungs, the blood goes through the pulmonary capillary bed. (The capillaries that are in the lungs.) Here it gets more oxygen. It also drops off carbon dioxide. (This is the opposite of what happens in capillary beds in the rest of the body. In the systemic circulation blood drops off oxygen and picks up carbon dioxide.) 

After the pulmonary capillary bed, the blood goes to the pulmonary veins. This pulmonary venous blood now is full of oxygen. The pulmonary veins take blood to the left side of the heart. Then the blood goes to the systemic circulation again. 

Thank you students. The Lesson is over.